Principal labor market indicators for Saudi Arabia, with core series — unemployment, labour force participation, and educational level — extending with source coverage 2016 – 2026 Q1; breakdowns by nationality, occupation, and economic activity run from 2021. Coverage spans unemployment, participation, wages, and structural composition by age, education, occupation, and region. Compiled by the General Authority for Statistics under the ICLS-19 international standard.
2025 Annual
2025 Annual
2025 Annual
2025 Annual
Unemployment Trajectory · 2016–2025
Annual unemployment rate by nationality, with the Saudi rate split by gender.
Saudi Activity Status · Male and Female
Working-age population activity status disaggregated by gender, showing male and female activation rates.
Wages · 2021–2025
Average monthly wage by nationality, with the Saudi–Non-Saudi wage gap.
This volume presents Saudi Arabia's nominal Gross Domestic Product across the period 2010–2025, decomposed by production-side aggregation, expenditure composition, and external trade balance.
2025 Annual
2025 Annual
2025 Annual
2025 Annual
GDP Trajectory · 2010–2026
Nominal GDP at annual and quarterly periodicity.
Expenditure Composition
Decomposition by expenditure component: consumption, government, capital formation, and net trade.
External Trade Position
Net exports (exports minus imports) by period.
Government Revenue, Spending & Balance
Consolidated central-government finances — revenue, expenditure and the fiscal balance.
Annual Goods Trade · Aggregate trajectory of Saudi merchandise trade flows · total exports, imports, trade balance, commodity composition by HS classification, and geographic distribution by trading partner with source coverage 2005–2025. Quarterly observations available from 2015 Q1 onwards.
2025 Annual
2025 Annual
2025 Annual
2025 Annual
Exports, Imports & Trade Balance
Aggregate trade flows and the resulting trade balance trajectory.
Exports & Imports by HS Section
Top commodity sections by Harmonized System classification. Mineral fuels (HS 27) on the export side represent the petroleum component · covered in detail in Tab 03.
Geographic Distribution
Top destinations for exports and sources of imports.
The Balance of Payments records all economic transactions between Saudi residents and the rest of the world. This overview shows the four major accounts side by side: the Current Account, Primary Income, Secondary Income, and the Financial Account. Detailed analysis of each account lives in its own dedicated panel · use tabs above. Data span 2006 Q1 to 2026 Q1 (81 quarterly observations).
2025 Annual
2025 Annual
2025 Annual
2025 Annual
Principal Account Balances
Annual aggregates of all 4 major accounts · positive = surplus / asset acquisition · 2006–2025
The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the average change in prices paid by households for a basket of goods and services, with 2023 = 100. Headline index and year-on-year inflation, monthly from 2014 to 2026. Compiled by the General Authority for Statistics (GASTAT).
Consumer Price Trajectory
Headline index and year-on-year inflation · {R}{P}
Average Annual Inflation
Calendar-year average for the selected group
Consumer · Wholesale · Producer
The three price indices rebased to a common base month
Broad money supply (M3) and its annual growth rate, in SAR billion, covering 1994–2025. Measures total domestic liquidity including currency in circulation, demand deposits, and quasi-money. Compiled by the Saudi Central Bank (SAMA).
Money Supply & Liquidity
Broad money supply and its annual growth rate · 1994–2025
Annual Change in Money Supply
Year-over-year addition to the broad money stock (M3)
Currency in Circulation
Broad money (M3) less total bank deposits
Government revenue comprises oil revenue and non-oil revenue. This panel tracks the level and composition of total revenue, annually from 1969 to 2025, with the structural shift toward non-oil sources at the center of fiscal diversification. Compiled by the General Authority for Statistics (GASTAT).
Revenue Level & Composition
Oil and non-oil revenue · annual
The Industrial Production Index (IPI) measures the real output of the industrial sector, with 2021 = 100. This panel tracks the headline index level and its month-over-month change, monthly from 2023 to 2026. Compiled by the General Authority for Statistics (GASTAT).
Output Level & Growth
Headline index and month-over-month change · monthly
Structural Business Statistics measure the financial performance of enterprises across 17 economic activities, annually for 2019–2024. This panel tracks operating revenue, operating surplus, and the operating-surplus margin for the total business economy. Compiled by the General Authority for Statistics (GASTAT).
Financial Performance
Revenue, surplus, and margin · annual
Merchandise trade tracks total goods exports, imports, and the trade balance monthly for 2017–2026, compiled by the General Authority for Statistics from customs records. Exports include oil; the balance is exports minus imports. This panel presents the headline trade position of the Kingdom.
The Trade Position
Exports, imports and the balance over time
Decomposition of Saudi labour market indicators by demographic stratum (age band) and economic sector. The aim is to identify where unemployment concentrates beyond the headline rate and how employment is distributed across activities.
Customize charts · Use the Filter Series control above the sector charts to highlight up to 5 sectors. The rest group into a single grey Others series for context.
2025 Annual
2025 Annual
2025 Annual
Age Stratification · Saudi Population
Decomposition of unemployment and labor force participation across five age cohorts (15–24, 25–34, 35–44, 45–54.
Returns to Education · Saudi Wage Schedule
Average monthly wage by educational attainment, with the trajectory for the five largest tiers, 2021 – الربع الأول 2026.
Latest · by gender
Latest-year snapshot of Saudization employment shares: total versus male and female
Sectoral decomposition and structural indicators of nominal GDP, examining the composition by economic activity, growth dynamics, and diversification trajectory across the period 2010–2025.
2025 Annual
2025 Annual
2025 Annual
Sectoral Output Distribution
Annual nominal value-added by sector and share evolution over time.
Sectoral Growth Rates
Year-over-year growth rates and sectoral contribution to total GDP growth.
Foreign Direct Investment · Inward and outward FDI flows alongside the geographic and sectoral distribution of accumulated FDI stocks. Quarterly observations of inflows, outflows, and net flows from 2023 Q1 to 2026 Q1. Sectoral and country-level stocks span 2015–2024.
2025 Annual
2024 Annual
2024 Annual
2025 Annual
2025 Annual
2015–2024
Investment Flows & Stock Trajectory
Quarterly net FDI flows and the cumulative stock trajectory.
FDI by Economic Activity
Distribution of accumulated FDI stocks across the productive sectors.
Geographic Distribution of FDI
Top investing countries ranked by accumulated FDI stock.
FDI Inflows by Sector
Annual FDI inflows by economic activity — the destination of new investment each year, distinct from accumulated stock.
The Current Account records all transactions in goods, services, primary income (compensation and investment), and secondary income (transfers). A surplus means residents collectively earned more from the rest of the world than they spent.
since 2006
since 2006
since 2006
2006 – 2025
magnitude
magnitude
Current Account · Trajectory
Quarterly trend and annual aggregates · 2006 Q1 – 2026 Q1
Year-on-year inflation across the twelve main consumer-spending groups (COICOP) at the end of the selected period. Shows which categories — housing, food, transport, personal care and others — are driving or restraining headline inflation.
Inflation by Spending Group
—
Cumulative Price Change by Group
Total change over the selected period
Monetary policy rates and the interbank benchmark, in percent, covering 2007–2025. Includes the repo and reverse-repo policy rates and the 3-month SAIBOR interbank rate. Compiled by the Saudi Central Bank (SAMA).
Interest Rates
Policy rates and the interbank benchmark · {R}
Annual Change in Policy Rate
Year-over-year shift in the repo rate · tightening vs easing
Government expenditure is split between current expenditure (wages, goods and services, subsidies) and capital expenditure (investment in assets and infrastructure). This panel tracks total spending and the current–capital balance, annually from 1969 to 2025. Compiled by the General Authority for Statistics (GASTAT).
Expenditure Level & Composition
Current and capital expenditure · annual
The Industrial Production Index breaks down into four ISIC sectors: mining & quarrying, manufacturing, electricity & gas, and water & waste. This panel compares their index paths and latest month-over-month change, monthly from 2023 to 2026. Compiled by the General Authority for Statistics (GASTAT).
Sector Comparison
Sector index paths and latest month-over-month change · monthly
This panel decomposes operating revenue and operating surplus by economic activity for the latest year, ranking the 17 sections and highlighting the operating-surplus margin of each. The margin shows how much of every riyal of revenue is retained as surplus before financing and tax.
Revenue & Surplus by Activity
Sectoral decomposition, latest year
Non-oil exports (from 2022) and non-oil imports (from 2021) by continent and country, monthly to 2026-04. Rankings and bilateral balances recompute for the selected years and continent. Bilateral balances here cover non-oil goods only and exclude oil exports.
Partner Rankings
Top markets and suppliers for the selected scope
Sectoral Production · Quarterly Gross Value Added across 10 main sectors and 6 sub-sectors (16 total): Mining & Quarrying split into Crude Oil & Other Mining; Manufacturing split into Refining & Other; Finance split into Finance & Real Estate. Quarterly observations from 2010 Q1 to 2026 Q1, sourced from GASTAT's Quarterly GDP series. Reconciles fully with GDP at market prices in the National Accounts dashboard.
Customize charts · Use the Filter Series control above each chart to highlight up to 6 sectors of interest. The rest aggregate as a single grey Others series for context. Apply selection to one chart or to all 6 charts at once.
2025 Annual
2025 Annual
2025 Annual
2025 Annual
Sectoral Output Distribution
Annual nominal value-added by sector and the evolution of structural composition over the period 2010–2025.
Sectoral Growth Performance
Year-over-year nominal growth rates by sector and the cumulative trajectory across the period.
Sectoral Ranking
All 10 economic sectors ranked by latest value-added, alongside growth volatility analysis.
Geographic decomposition of Saudi labor market indicators across the thirteen administrative regions, complemented by friction indicators (long-term unemployment share and first-time job seekers) that capture matching efficiency in the labor market.
2025 Annual
2025 Annual
2025 Annual
2025 Annual
Regional Distribution · 2026 Q1
Saudi unemployment and labor force participation rates ranked across the thirteen administrative regions.
Regional Labor Market Dispersion · 2021 – 2026 Q1
Trajectory of regional disparity, comparing top-tier and bottom-tier regions and tracking the Coefficient of Variation.
Job Search Duration & Work Experience · 2021 – 2026 Q1
Composition of Saudi unemployed by job-search duration and prior work experience.
Job-seekers · historical series
Historical trajectory of job-seeker counts by region
Crude oil and refined petroleum exports · the backbone of Saudi external trade. Annual data span 2005–2025, quarterly from 2015 Q1. Oil exports represent the largest share of total goods exports and the principal source of foreign exchange.
2025 Annual
2025 Annual
2005–2025
2005–2025
Annual & Quarterly Series
Oil vs Non-Oil Exports
Year-over-Year Dynamics
Primary Income captures returns on factors of production · compensation of employees and investment income (dividends, interest, reinvested earnings). For Saudi Arabia, this account reflects returns on foreign assets held by SAMA and the PIF (credit) versus payments to non-resident investors and foreign workers (debit). The Net Balance = Credit − Debit indicates whether Saudi residents are net earners or payers internationally.
Credit ÷ Debit · 2025
2025 Annual
2025 Annual
Net Primary Income
Primary Income · Credit, Debit & Net
Annual flows · stacked credit/debit with net line · 2006–2025
The Wholesale Price Index (WPI) tracks price changes at the wholesale (pre-retail) stage across transportable goods. Headline index and year-on-year change, monthly from 2015 to 2026. Compiled by GASTAT.
Wholesale Price Trajectory
Headline index and year-on-year change · {R}{P}
Wholesale Inflation by Section
Latest year-on-year change · by commodity section
Cumulative Wholesale Change by Section
Total change over the selected period
Composition of bank deposits by type, in SAR billion, covering 1992–2025. Comprises demand deposits, time & savings deposits, and quasi-money. Compiled by the Saudi Central Bank (SAMA).
Bank Deposits
Composition of bank deposits by type · 1992–2025
Deposit Growth by Type
Year-over-year growth rate for each deposit type
The budget balance is the difference between total revenue and total expenditure. A positive balance is a surplus; a negative balance is a deficit. This panel tracks the actual balance and the revenue–expenditure gap, annually from 1969 to 2025. Compiled by the General Authority for Statistics (GASTAT).
Balance & Fiscal Gap
Actual balance and the revenue–expenditure gap · annual
The Consumer Confidence Index captures household sentiment about the economy. A reading above 100 indicates net optimism. The general index is shown alongside the current-conditions sub-index, monthly from 2023 to 2025. Compiled by the General Authority for Statistics (GASTAT).
Confidence Trajectory
General index and current-conditions sub-index · monthly
A perspective unique to this series: every indicator is split by enterprise size — large enterprises versus micro, small and medium enterprises (MSME). This panel shows how operating revenue divides between the two size classes across activities, revealing where large firms dominate and where smaller enterprises hold significant share, for 2024.
The Size Divide
Large enterprises vs MSME · latest year
Non-oil goods exports by 21 product sections of the harmonized classification, monthly for 2021–2026. The mix reveals the weight of petrochemical-linked goods — chemicals and plastics — against the broader diversification of the export base.
Export Composition
Product mix and the trend of the non-oil base
Decomposition of total employment by occupational group.
Employment Levels & Skill Mix
Total employment trajectory since 2021 and the evolving balance between high-skill, mid-skill and elementary occupations.
Occupational Breakdown
Distribution of employment across the ten ISCO-08 major groups in the latest quarter, and where job growth has concentrated since 2021.
Real GDP growth measured under GASTAT's chain-linked methodology.
Real GDP Growth by Activity
Year-on-year real growth of total GDP and its activities — annual and quarterly.
Contributions to Real GDP Growth
Percentage-point contribution of each activity and net taxes to total real GDP growth.
Re-exports · goods originally imported then re-shipped abroad in unaltered or substantially unaltered form. Saudi re-exports first appeared in trade statistics in 2009. Annual data span 2009–2025, quarterly from 2015 Q1, monthly from 2015 Jan.
2025 Annual
2025 Annual
2009–2025
2009–2025
Annual & Quarterly Series
Re-Exports within Non-Oil Exports
Annual Growth & Monthly Detail
Secondary Income records current transfers between residents and non-residents without exchange of economic value · workers' remittances, government grants, and other transfers. For Saudi Arabia, this account consists primarily of workers' remittances sent abroad by the large expatriate workforce, creating net outflows. Government transfers include foreign aid and grants.
2025
2025 Annual
2025 Annual
Workers Outflow
Secondary Income · Components
Stacked annual flows by component · 2006–2025
The Producer Price Index (PPI) measures average changes in selling prices received by domestic producers across manufacturing, utilities and water supply. Headline index and year-on-year growth, monthly from 2023 to 2026. Compiled by GASTAT.
Producer Price Trajectory
Headline index and year-on-year growth · {R}{P}
Producer Inflation by Section
Latest year-on-year growth · by activity section
Cumulative Producer Change by Section
Total change over the selected period
Bank credit by economic activity, in SAR billion, covering 2021–2025. Allocates total bank credit across seventeen economic activities under the national activity classification. Compiled by the Saudi Central Bank (SAMA).
Credit by Economic Activity
Bank credit allocation across economic activities · {R}
Credit Growth by Activity
Latest-year growth in credit balances by economic activity
Credit-to-Deposit Ratio
Total bank credit as a share of total deposits
Fiscal diversification tracks the shift in government revenue away from oil toward non-oil sources. A falling oil share and rising non-oil coverage of current spending indicate progress on diversification. This panel tracks the oil revenue share and non-oil coverage, annually from 1969 to 2025. Compiled by the General Authority for Statistics (GASTAT).
Oil Share & Diversification
Oil revenue share and non-oil coverage of current spending · annual
The Purchasing Managers’ Index (PMI) is a forward-looking gauge of non-oil private-sector activity. A reading above 50 signals expansion; below 50, contraction. This panel tracks the headline index, monthly from 2009 to 2026. Compiled by the General Authority for Statistics (GASTAT).
PMI Level & Trend
Headline index with the 50 expansion threshold · monthly
This panel views the business economy as a whole: the share of each activity in total operating revenue, and how revenue has grown by activity from 2019 to 2024. It identifies the concentration of activity and the fastest- and slowest-growing sectors over the period.
Activity Mix & Growth
Composition and compound growth
Services trade quarterly for 2023–2025 across 12 EBOPS (BPM6) service categories — travel, transport, construction, and others. The category filter re-scopes all cards, KPIs and charts. The services balance complements the goods balance; travel exports carry the tourism dimension of the services account.
The Services Account
Flows over time and the category balance
Unemployment rates by highest completed level of education.
Trajectory by Attainment
Unemployment across educational levels over the long run.
Returns to Education · Wages
Average monthly wage by educational attainment and its trajectory over time.
Unemployment by Field of Study
Unemployment rates by ISCED-11 broad field of study, from the Labor Force Survey.
Latest Breakdown by Level
Unemployment rate at each educational level in the latest quarter.
Multipliers and sectoral linkages from GASTAT's input-output tables.
2023
2023
2023
19 activities
Sectoral Output Multipliers
Total output generated per unit of final demand, by activity.
Backward & Forward Linkages
Backward and forward linkages, identifying key sectors.
Leontief Inverse · Inter-sectoral Requirements
(I−A)⁻¹ coefficients from the 2023 tables
International Trade in Services (ITS) · non-merchandise cross-border transactions covering travel, transport, business services, telecom, financial, and intellectual property. Quarterly observations from 2023 Q1 – 2026 Q1 across 13 quarterly observations · 12 service categories.
2025 Annual
2025 Annual
2025 Annual
2025 Annual
Services Trade Trajectory
Annual and quarterly trajectory of services exports and imports.
Services Mix by Category
Composition of services exports and imports across the 12 BPM6 service categories. Travel and Transport are the largest in both directions.
Sectoral Dynamics
Growth performance and trade balance by category.
The Financial Account records transactions in financial assets and liabilities between residents and non-residents. It includes direct investment (long-term equity stakes), portfolio investment (equity and debt securities), other investment (loans, deposits, trade credits), and reserve assets (held by SAMA). A net positive figure means residents acquired more foreign assets than non-residents acquired Saudi assets.
2025 Annual
2025 vs 2024
2025 vs 2024
2025 vs 2024
Financial Account · Composition
4-component stacked composition and 2025 investment categories
The Construction Cost Index measures changes in the cost of building inputs — materials and labour — for residential and non-residential projects. General index and year-on-year growth, monthly from mid-2025 to 2026. Compiled by GASTAT.
Construction Cost Trajectory
General + residential vs non-residential · {R}
Construction Cost Momentum
Change between consecutive quarters in the general construction cost index
Claims of the banking system on the private and public sectors, by outstanding balance in SAR billion, covering 1993–2025. Private-sector claims comprise loans & advances, discounted bills, and investments in private securities; public-sector claims comprise bank credit to public institutions and holdings of government and quasi-government bonds. Compiled by the Saudi Central Bank (SAMA).
Claims on Private & Public Sectors
Banking-system claims by counterparty sector · 1993–2025
Private Share of Bank Claims
Private-sector claims as a share of total claims
This panel brings revenue, expenditure and the resulting balance into a single view, alongside their compound growth rates. The gap between revenue and expenditure growth — the fiscal scissors — shapes the long-run balance, annually from 1969 to 2025. Compiled by the General Authority for Statistics (GASTAT).
Revenue, Expenditure & Balance
Combined view of the three fiscal aggregates · annual
This panel brings the leading indicators into a single snapshot: PMI, consumer confidence, industrial production, and the current economic situation index, all aligned to a common month for like-for-like comparison. Compiled by the General Authority for Statistics (GASTAT).
Cross-Indicator Comparison
PMI, consumer confidence and industrial production rebased to a common month · monthly
This panel examines compensation of employees — wages, salaries and benefits paid by enterprises — by activity, and the labor share of operating revenue (compensation ÷ revenue). The labor share indicates how revenue divides between workers and the residual operating surplus, complementing the wage data in the Labor Market series, for 2024.
Compensation & Labor Share
Labor compensation by activity · latest year
Oil exports by destination annually from 1962 — crude and refined products in million barrels — and benchmark prices (Arab Light, Brent, OPEC Basket) from 1970, nominal and real.
Six Decades of Oil Trade
Export volumes and benchmark prices